Info: Optigen Testing - An Explanation and Overview

Diana

The BVA/KC eye testing scheme has been around for about 25 years or so now. It has been tweeked and finetuned and moved about but the general idea of it has remained the same. That if a dog is examined by an expert for the eye conditions which are common to labradors, and is clear (or 'unaffected' as it is sometimes described) then one can mate in safety to another dog, also carrying a current clear eye certificate and know you are doing the best possible by the puppies produced for future good eye health.

However eyebrows were raised when two dogs with clear eye certificates were mated, a puppy from that was tested at 2, 3 or more years of age, and FAILED his own eye certificate. How can that be? Well, the answer is simple and that is that both his parents although clear themselves were genetically CARRIERS of the eye problem he failed on and so, when put, perfectly ethically together, were always going to produce a proportion of pups affected with the most nasty of all eye problems, Late Onset PRA or GPRA as it is better known.

So work was started on a DNA test which would show not only if the parents were affected or unaffected with GPRA but ALSO, importantly, the result the paper BVA/KC eye test itself couldn't see, if they were Carriers.

After many years of waiting we finally have a test, run by the company 'Optigen' in the United States, to exactly as above, give the GENETIC eye status of any dog before breeding from it.

Results will return as your dog being either: Clear, Carrier or Affected.

This test is not to rule any dog out of the genepool, but to give us a clearer idea of the playing field and to be able to make breeding decisions accordingly.

The various breeding combinations using Optigen results are:

Clear x Clear = 100% Clear offspring
Clear x Carrier = 50% Clear 50% Carrier offspring
Carrier x Carrier = 25% Clear 25% Affected 50% Carrier Offspring
Clear x Affected = 100% Carrier offspring

So you can see that when Optigen tested, even a AFFECTED dog could be mated to a clear dog and never produce a single puppy who will be affected by GPRA.

Indeed because you can Optigen test from a very young age, literally from 6/7 weeks of age, if you undertake a Carrier x Clear mating, and don't wish to keep a Carrier puppy, you can Optigen test the best two or three pups (at a reduced rate for this what is called 'litter testing') and keep only a clear puppy. The Carrier pups will never develop the problem, of that you can be CERTAIN, and so can be sold as pets comfortably.

Testing is by way of a blood test at your vets, and booking a test online at the Optigen website (www.optigen.com). Sending the blood from your vets to Optigen by way of airmail post and paying for the test by credit card when booking. It is not complicated and not daunting. It also costs around £100-£150 per dog to test and this is done only once in a dogs life. A small drop in the ocean for the 'value' of the results to that breeder and the genepool as a whole.

You hear SO many reasons for not Optigen testing. The main reason really being that breeders are scared of what could be the result. Years and years of clear eye certificates or worse still simply an opinion that they have had 'no eye problems' can lull breeders into a false sense of security.

There has been around a 35% return on Optigen tests finding that dogs tested from the UK are infact Carriers. This is a high percentage. I am entirely practical that the majority testing are those who consider there *might just* be a problem so therefore are being proved right. But many lines where people didn't for a second think there was any problem there are finding, infact there are.

There are no clear LINES only individual clear dogs. And they are only proven as clear if they are Optigen tested. A dog can clear (like one of my own several years ago) 7, 8, even 9 eye certificates in his life and sire hundreds of puppies without anyone realising he is a Carrier. Then just one Carrier bitch mated with him can mean several young dogs from that litter devestating their families by going blind at a very young age.

"Where does health testing end?" Some breeders will counter.... "You need to breed for the WHOLE Labrador NOT just eyes". And I agree, but with such a simple and reasonably priced test avaliable to give a 100% genetic certainty, not just a 'stab in the dark' result that really in the scheme of things hip and elbow scoring do in comparison, the puppies produced by us and the owners that buy them deserve it.

Diana Stevens
Jan 2007.

Diana · Posted: Tue Jan 23, 2007 9:46 pm Post subject:

Just to balance the 'Puppy buyer' piece I wrote, is there any chance this could become a sticky on the Breeding section, aimed more at breeders, even if you want to take it down at some point because a better overview comes along...?

Di

Winsleywood · Posted: Tue Jan 23, 2007 9:48 pm Post subject:

Excellent post Di - I agree totally. Fingers crossed KC start to publish results soon as well.

sheens · Posted: Tue Jan 23, 2007 9:50 pm Post subject:

Excellent post again D Very Happy

i

Diana · Posted: Tue Jan 23, 2007 10:03 pm Post subject:

Thank you whoever 'stickied' it Wink

I shall shut up now, I promise Wink

But anyone do ask anything about the test, the reasons for thinking it is a positive thing or any such thing.

Having been around for approx. 4 years it will take a while to become commonplace, especially when the result is for definate, and you can't go blaming a poor result on puppy buyers allowing their pups to jump in and out of the car boot or overexercising (wicked grin, as some do for hips) or some such thing Wink

Di

Dawg-Gone · Posted: Wed Jan 24, 2007 12:50 pm Post subject:

Well written again Di, thanks

XXX

Happysmum · Posted: Wed Jan 24, 2007 12:56 pm Post subject:

Really interesting, its such a shame more breeders dont take note of stuff like this, money means very little when peace of mind is at stake.

Thanks Di

Labradawg · Posted: Sat Apr 21, 2007 8:14 pm Post subject:

Fantastic explanation Di, really helped me get my head round the whole thing. Smile

Ang

Schiplab · Posted: Tue Jul 17, 2007 10:27 am Post subject:

I have a Q's about the Optigen testing, now this may be a stupid Q's and I apologise in advance if it is but I have never done the Optigen eye testing yet so don’t know.

When you have the test done do you still need to do an annual test of the eyes Question

I thought once the Optigen test had been done that was it for life no more testing or have I miss understood Rolling Eyes

My girl will be being mated (when she decides to come into season) Rolling Eyes

this month she as been eye tested at the vets and is OK and she will be going to a stud dog who is Optigen tested Normal/Clear.

Will I need to test the puppy/puppies I keep back or will they be OK by parentage or is that only when both parents have been Optigen tested Normal/Clear?

Many thanks Confused Rolling Eyes

JohnW · Posted: Tue Jul 17, 2007 12:21 pm Post subject:

Yes, you will still need the yearly BVA test as well. The Optigen test is only for GPRA. Such other things as hereditary cataracts, CPRA and the like are not detected by the Optigen test.

Regards, John